Salesforce Developer Interview Questions

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1. What is an expression used in VF pages to bind in the controller ?

Ans :

Using the following methods we can bind :

Getter : Will return value from controller to visualforce page

Setter : Will pass value from visualforce page to controller

Action : Will redirect to another page.

2. What is the purpose of controller ?

Ans :

Controllers provide the data and actions that are available to a visualforce page.

3. Which objects have associated with standard controllers ?

Ans :

All standard and custom objects that can be accessed via the API have associated controllers.

4. Which is included with each standard controller ?

Ans :

Data : The fields for the associated object record that are API accessible, including the related records (5 up/ 1 down).

Actions : save, delete, view, edit, cancel.

5. When do you need to go beyond a standard controller and code custom Apex ?

Ans :

If you need data beyond the limits of what is available in the standard controller or actions that go beyond the provided standard actions.

6. Compare custom controllers and controller extensions. how are they are same ? How are they different ?

Ans :

Both allow for custom code to be used, allowing for custom data sets and custom actions.

Extensions leverage the existing data and actions within a standard or custom controllers.

Custom controllers must contain all data and actions that need to be executed by the page. Extension that extends standard controller allow for the pages which use those extensions to be used in custom button, standard button overrides, and over declarative features.

7. What identifies a controller as being an extension ?

Ans :

The controller must declare a constructor which takes another controller explicitly.

For example :

public myControllerExtension(ApexPages.StandardController stdController)

{

this.acct = (Account)stdController.getRecord();

}

8. Why are properties helpful in controllers ?

Ans :

Properties can automatically create standard getters and setters while still allowing for their customizations. They save you from both writings the tedious code and reading the clutter when reviewing code.

9. In what order do methods fire within a controller ?

Ans :

The only rule is that setters fire before action methods. Although there is no guaranteed order.

10. What are some Apex classes that are commonly used within controllers ?

Ans :

StandardController, SelectOption, PageReference, Message, etc.

11. How are wizard controllers different from other controllers ?

Ans :

The two main issues is that they must handle multiple pages and they must maintain the state across those pages.

12. What are the effects of using the transient key word ?

Ans :

The transient keyword presents the data from being saved into the view state. This should be used for very temporary variables.

13. When is a component controller required for a custom components ?

Ans :

A component controller is required when business logic is required to decide how to render the component.

14. What kind of content can be included in a Visualforce Page ?

Ans :

Any content that can be rendered in a browser(HTML, JavaScript, etc.).

15. What do {!expressions} refer to when used in Visualforce components ?

Ans :

Expressions refer to either data or actions that are made available to the page from the controller.

16. What are the ways that VisualforcePagecan be incorporated into the rest of your user interfaces ?

Ans :

Basically, via links, buttons, tabs, and inline frames.

17. Is it always necessary to know Apex to create Visualforce pages ? When does it become necessary ?

Ans :

No, it is not always necessary. You can use standard controller and VF component tags to accomplish quite a bit. Apex becomes necessary when you need either a custom set of data or custom actions to be available from the page.

18. What are attributes ? What is the syntax for including them ?

Ans :

The attribute are modifiers to the main tag that belongs after the tag name in the start tag. The syntax is attributeName = "attributeValues".

19. What are three types of bindings used in Visualforce ? What does each refer to ?

Ans :

Data bindings : It refers to the data set in the controller.

Action bindings : It refers to action methods in the controller.

Component bindings : It refers to other Visualforce components.

20. What is the main difference between using dataTable vs pageBlockTable tags ?

Ans :

PageBlock : For default salesforce standard format.

dataTable : To design custom formats.

21. Which tag is used with both radio buttons and picklists to create the selectable values ?
Ans :
<Apex : selectoption> tag

22. How many controllers can a page have ? Where is the controller for a page asssigned ?
Ans :
One main controller (of course it could have extensions or custom components could have controllers etc.) The controller is assigned in the <apex:page> tag.

23. There are a series of layout components that all help recreate the traditional Salesforce page layout style very easily. What name do they share ?
Ans :
pageBlock

24. Which tags should be used to automatically bring in the salesforce label and default widget for a field ?
Ans :
pageBlock

25. What are static resources ?
Ans :
Static resources are new type of storage in Salesforce specifically designed for use in Visualforce pages. They are ways to store images, flash files, stylesheets, and other web resources on the Salesforce servers that can be cached for better page performance.

26. What are an example of JavaScript Event in salesforce ?
Ans :
Onmouseover, onclick etc. these are some JavaScript events in salesforce.

27. What is AJAX typically used for in Visulaforce ?
Ans :
AJAX is primarily used for partial page updates in Visualforce. In s-controls, the AJAX toolkit was the soap (XML over HTTP) client that gave you access to the force.com, Web Services API.

28. What is the purpose of <script> tags in salesforce ?
Ans :
Script tags allow you to create JavaScript (or other types) functions that can be used within your pages.

29. What are the different AJAX action tags ? What does each do ?
Ans :
actionStatus : used to display start and stop statuses of AJAX requests.
actionSupport : used to call a second component when an event happens to the first component.

30. How can you create partial page refreshes ?
Ans :
Basically, you need to define the section of the page that is going to refresh (typically with a panel of sorts), then define the event that will cause the refresh. The method changes depending on if the area being refreshed is the same as the one handling the event. It also depends on if you are just processing something on the server. or if you need the UI to change.

31. Which tag is used with both radio buttons and picklists to create the selectable values ?
Ans :
<apex :selectOption>

32. What is the purpose of creating attributes on components ?
Ans :
By allowing the component to take parameters via an attribute, you can make the component more flexible and reusable.

33. How can you access visualforce components values into a JavaScript ?
Ans :
Using Components global variable, we can access visualforce components in javascript. Let us suppose, we want to use id of an apex field with id="afield".
So, we can use the {!$Componnet.afield} syntax to use properties of the field in javascript. Let us suppose, we want to store the field's value in javascript, then we can use like below.
<script>
Var a='document.getElementById'
</script>

34. What are the Gov Limits in Salesforce.com ?
Ans :
Because of Apex runs in a multitenant environment, the Apex runtime engine strictly enforces a number of limits to ensure that Runaway scripts do not monopolize shared resources. These limits or governors, track and enforce the statistics outlined in the following table. If a script ever exceeds a limit, the associated governor issues a runtime exception that cannot be handled.

35. What is Multitenant Architecture ?
Ans :
An application model in which all users and apps share a single, Common infrastructure And code base.

36. What is Metadata-driven development model ?
Ans :
An app development model that allows apps to be defined as Declarative "blueprints" with no code required. Data models, objects, forms, workflows, and more are defined by metadata.

37. What is an Apex ?
Ans :
- Apex is a procedural scripting language in discrete and executed by the Force.com platform.
- It runs natively on the Salesforce servers, making it more powerful and faster than non-server code, such as JavaScript/AJAX.
- It uses syntax that looks like Java.
- Apex can be written in triggers that act like database stored procedures.
- Apex allows developers to attach business logic to the record save process.
- It has built-in support for unit test creation and execution.

38. What are Force Platform sites ?
Ans :
Public websites and applications that are directly integrated with your Salesforce organisation without requiring users to log in with a username and password.

39. What is AppExchange directly ?
Ans :
A Web directory where hundreds of AppExchange apps are available to Salesforce customers to review, demo, comment upon, and/or install. Developers can submit their apps for listing on the AppExchange directory if they want to share them with the community.

40. What is the difference between native components and composite components ?
Ans :
One way to split up the work is to look at which requirements can be implemented by using just the point-and-click tools of the platform and which requirements must be implemented by leveraging other Web applications. The former method, which uses native components, is typically fast and simple to use. It required only point and click setup rather than more traditional coding. The latter method, which uses composite components, gives us more control and flexibility in what we we do but requires more work.

Native :
User Interface : Metadata, layouts
Business Logic : Formulas, workflow, Approvals
Data Model : Custom Objects
for example data apps, bug tracking, asset tracking, expense management
Configuration : Simplicity + Speed

Composite :
User Interface : Visualforce custom links
Business Logic : Code + scripts
Data Model : Web services + local DB's
for example email services, data enrichment, mapping, order entity
Configuration : Simplicity + Speed

41. Name some native components in salesforce ?
Ans :
- Custom objects
- Security and sharing rules
- Workflow and approval processes
- Custom reports and dashboards

42. What is database table in salesforce ?
Ans :
A database table stores information about a single type of person, thing or concept such as a job position. In Force.com platform, we use the term object here.

43. What are field dependencies in salesforce ?
Ans :
Field dependencies are filters that allow us to change the contents of a picklist based on the value of another field. For example, rather than displaying every value for Country in a single picklist, we can limit the values that are displayed based on a value for another field, like Continent. Because in that way our users can find the appropriate country more quickly and easily.

44. What is the difference between controlling and dependent fields ?
Ans :
Picklist fields can be either controlling or dependent fields. A controlling field controls the available values in one or more corresponding dependent fields. A dependent field displays values based on the values selected in its corresponding controlling field. For example, the Continent picklist is the controlling field, while the country picklist is the dependent field.

45. What are custom formula fields in salesforce ?
Ans :
Just like you can use a spreadsheet program like Microsoft Excel to define calculations and metrics specific to the application.

46. What are Web Services in Salesforce ?
Ans :
A web service is a mechanism by which two applications that run on different platforms, that were written in different languages, and are geographically remote from each other, can exchange the data using the internet. Web services makes data exchange between two such applications as straightforward as the way at two processes can exchange data on a single computer.
The way that data exchanged between two web services is similar to the way data is exchanged between a Web browser like Microsoft Internet Explorer (Microsft Edge) and a Web Server. Just as a web browser uses a common network protocol (HTTP over TCP/IP) to download HTML files hosted on a Web server, a Web service can also use this same network protocol to download data from another Web service. The key difference is the actual data that is sent and received Web services use XML instead of HTML.

47. What is workflow Outbound Message ?
Ans :
A workflow action that sends the data to an external Web Service in XML format, such as another application in the cloud. Outbound messages are used primarily with composite apps.

48. What is SOAP API ?
Ans :
A protocol that defines a uniform way of passing XML encoded data. SOAP Stands for Simple Object Access Protocol.

49. What are Merge Fields in Salesforce ?
Ans :
A field you can place in an email template, mail merge template, custom link, or formula to incorporate values from a record.
For example, Dear {!Contact.Firstname}, uses a contact merge field to obtain the value of a contact record's First Name to address an email recipient by his or her first name.

50. What is Time Trigger in Salesforce ?
Ans :
A setting that defines when time-dependent workflow actions should fire. for example whenever you want to fire workflow rule based on future time.

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